Thursday, December 06, 2007

198 Methods of Non-Violence that Wake People Up


Since the overwhelming majority of Americans live in delusional disregard for the real threats to their children, they need to be awakened. To the sexually repressed, sex education is obscene. One million children dying of AIDS is not. THE METHODS OF NONVIOLENT ACTION THAT WAKE PEOPLE UP





100 million children will die of AIDS, and the Bohemian Grove Death cult wants you to raise your children in sexual ignorance. Why?



(from Gene Sharp, The Methods of Nonviolent Action, Boston 1973)


THE METHODS OF NONVIOLENT PROTEST AND PERSUASION


FORMAL STATEMENTS



  1. Public speeches

  2. Letters of opposition or support

  3. Declarations by organizations and institutions

  4. Signed public declarations

  5. Declarations of indictment and intention

  6. Group or mass petitions


COMMUNICATIONS WITH A WIDER AUDIENCE



  1. Slogans, caricatures, and symbols

  2. Banners, posters, and displayed communications

  3. Leaflets, pamphlets, and books

  4. Newspapers and journals

  5. Records, radio, and television

  6. Skywriting and earthwriting


GROUP REPRESENTATIONS



  1. Deputations

  2. Mock awards

  3. Group lobbying

  4. Picketing

  5. Mock elections


SYMBOLIC PUBLIC ACTS



  1. Displays of flags and symbolic colours

  2. Wearing of symbols

  3. Prayer and worship

  4. Delivering symbolic objects

  5. Protest disrobings

  6. Destruction of own property

  7. Symbolic lights

  8. Displays of portraits

  9. Paint as protest

  10. New signs and names

  11. Symbolic sounds

  12. Symbolic reclamations

  13. Rude gestures


PRESSURES ON INDIVIDUALS



  1. "Haunting" officials

  2. Taunting officials

  3. Fraternization

  4. Vigils


DRAMA AND MUSIC



  1. Humourous skits and pranks

  2. Performances of plays and music

  3. Singing


PROCESSIONS



  1. Marches

  2. Parades

  3. Religious processions

  4. Pilgrimages

  5. Motorcades


HONOURING THE DEAD



  1. Political mourning

  2. Mock funerals

  3. Demonstrative funerals

  4. Homage at burial places


PUBLIC ASSEMBLIES



  1. Assemblies of protest or support

  2. Protest meetings

  3. Camouflaged meetings of protest

  4. Teach-ins


WITHDRAWAL AND RENUNCIATION



  1. Walk-outs

  2. Silence

  3. Renouncing honours

  4. Turning one's back


THE METHODS OF SOCIAL NONCOOPERATION


OSTRACISM OF PERSONS



  1. Social boycott

  2. Selective social boycott

  3. Lysistratic nonaction

  4. Excommunication

  5. Interdict


NONCOOPERATION WITH SOCIAL EVENTS, CUSTOMS, AND INSTITUTIONS



  1. Suspension of social and sports activities

  2. Boycott of social affairs

  3. Student strike

  4. Social disobedience

  5. Withdrawal from social institutions


WITHDRAWAL FROM THE SOCIAL SYSTEM



  1. Stay-at-home

  2. Total personal noncooperation

  3. "Flight" of workers

  4. Sanctuary

  5. Collective disappearance

  6. Protest emigration (hijrat)


THE METHODS OF ECONOMIC NONCOOPERATION: ECONOMIC BOYCOTTS


ACTION BY CONSUMERS



  1. Consumers' boycott

  2. Nonconsumption of boycotted goods

  3. Policy of austerity

  4. Rent withholding

  5. Refusal to rent

  6. National consumers' boycott

  7. International consumers' boycott


ACTION BY WORKERS AND PRODUCERS



  1. Workers' boycott

  2. Producers' boycott


ACTION BY MIDDLEMEN



  1. Suppliers' and handlers' boycott


ACTION BY OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT



  1. Traders' boycott

  2. Refusal to let or sell property

  3. Lockout

  4. Refusal of industrial assistance

  5. Merchants' "general strike"


ACTION BY HOLDERS OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES



  1. Withdrawal of bank deposits

  2. Refusal to pay fees, dues, and assessments

  3. Refusal to pay debts or interest

  4. Severance of funds and credit

  5. Revenue refusal

  6. Refusal of a government's money


ACTION BY GOVERNMENTS



  1. Domestic embargo

  2. Blacklisting of traders

  3. International sellers' embargo

  4. International buyers' embargo

  5. International trade embargo


THE METHODS OF ECONOMIC NONCOOOPERATION: THE STRIKE


SYMBOLIC STRIKES



  1. Protest strike

  2. Quickie walkout (lightning strike)


AGRICULTURAL STRIKES



  1. Peasant strike

  2. 100. Farm workers' strike


STRIKES BY SPECIAL GROUPS



  1. Refusal of impressed labour

  2. Prisoners' strike

  3. Craft strike

  4. Professional strike


ORDINARY INDUSTRIAL STRIKES



  1. Establishment strike

  2. Industry strike

  3. Sympathy strike


RESTRICTED STRIKES



  1. Detailed strike

  2. Bumper strike

  3. Slowdown strike

  4. Working-to-rule strike

  5. Reporting "sick" (sick-in)

  6. Strike by resignation

  7. Limited strike

  8. Selective strike


MULTI-INDUSTRY STRIKES



  1. Generalised strike

  2. General strike


COMBINATION OF STRIKES AND ECONOMIC CLOSURES



  1. Hartal

  2. Economic shutdown


THE METHODS OF POLITICAL NONCOOPERATION


REJECTION OF AUTHORITY



  1. Withholding or withdrawal of allegiance

  2. Refusal of public support

  3. Literature and speeches advocating resistance


CITIZENS' NONCOOPERATION WITH GOVERNMENT



  1. Boycott of legislative bodies

  2. Boycott of elections

  3. Boycott of government employment and positions

  4. Boycott of government departments, agencies, and other bodies

  5. Withdrawal from governmental educational institutions

  6. Boycott of government-supported institutions

  7. Refusal of assistance to enforcement agents

  8. Removal of own signs and placemarks

  9. Refusal to accept appointed officials

  10. Refusal to dissolve existing institutions


CITIZENS' ALTERNATIVES TO OBEDIENCE



  1. Reluctant and slow compliance

  2. Nonobedience in absence of direct supervision

  3. Popular nonobedience

  4. Disguised disobedience

  5. Refusal of an assemblage or meeting to disperse

  6. Sitdown

  7. Noncooperation with conscription and deportation

  8. Hiding, escape, and false identities

  9. Civil disobedience of "illegitimate" laws


ACTION BY GOVERNMENT PERSONNEL



  1. Selective refusal of assistance by government aides

  2. Blocking of lines of command and information

  3. Stalling and obstruction

  4. General administrative noncooperation

  5. Judicial noncooperation

  6. Deliberate inefficiency and selective noncooperation by enforcement agents

  7. Mutiny


DOMESTIC GOVERNMENTAL ACTION



  1. Quasi-legal evasions and delays

  2. Noncooperation by constituent governmental units


INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENTAL ACTION



  1. Changes in diplomatic and other representation

  2. Delay and cancellation of diplomatic events

  3. Withholding of diplomatic recognition

  4. Severance of diplomatic relations

  5. Withdrawal from international organisations

  6. Refusal of membership in international bodies

  7. Expulsion from international organisations


THE METHODS OF NONVIOLENT INTERVENTION


PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTION



  1. Self-exposure to the elements

  2. The fast

  3. a) Fast of moral pressure

  4. b) Hunger strike

  5. c) Satyagrahic fast

  6. Reverse trial

  7. Nonviolent harassment


PHYSICAL INTERVENTION



  1. Sit-in

  2. Stand-in

  3. Ride-in

  4. Wade-in

  5. Mill-in

  6. Pray-in

  7. Nonviolent raids

  8. Nonviolent air raids

  9. Nonviolent invasion

  10. Nonviolent interjection

  11. Nonviolent obstruction

  12. Nonviolent occupation


SOCIAL INTERVENTION



  1. Establishing new social patterns

  2. Overloading of facilities

  3. Stall-in

  4. Speak-in

  5. Guerrilla theatre

  6. Alternative social institutions

  7. Alternative communication system


ECONOMIC INTERVENTION



  1. Reverse strike

  2. Stay-in strike

  3. Nonviolent land seizure

  4. Defiance of blockades

  5. Politically motivated counterfeiting

  6. Preclusive purchasing

  7. Seizure of assets

  8. Dumping

  9. Selective patronage

  10. Alternative markets

  11. Alternative transportation systems

  12. Alternative economic institutions


POLITICAL INTERVENTION



  1. Overloading of administrative systems

  2. Disclosing identities of secret agents

  3. Seeking imprisonment

  4. Civil disobedience of "neutral" laws

  5. Work-on without collaboration

  6. Dual sovereignty and parallel government


Link to the Albert Einstein Institution for more of Gene Sharp's work




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